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Q. The unit of permittivity of free space, \(\varepsilon_{0}\), is
A coulomb/newton-metre
B Newton metre \(^{2} /\) Coulomb \(^{2}\)
C Coulomb \(^{2} /\) Newton metre \(^{2}\)
D Coulomb \(^{2} /\) (Newton metre) \(^{2}\)

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Solution:
Key ldea : Substitute the units for all the quantities involved in an expression written for permittivity of free space.
By Coulomb's law, the electrostatic force
$$
\begin{aligned}
&F=\frac{1}{4 \pi \varepsilon_{0}} \times \frac{q_{1} q_{2}}{r^{2}} \\
&\Rightarrow \varepsilon_{0}=\frac{1}{4 \pi} \times \frac{q_{1} q_{2}}{r^{2} F}
\end{aligned}
$$
Substituting the units for \(q, r\) and \(F\), we obtain unit of
$$
\begin{aligned}
&\varepsilon_{0}=\frac{\text { coulomb } \times \text { coulomb }}{\text { newton }-(\text { metre })^{2}} \\
&=\frac{(\text { coulomb })^{2}}{\text { newton }-(\text { metre })^{2}} \\
&=C^{2} / N-m^{2}
\end{aligned}
$$
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